Axe throwing has transformed from a traditional lumberjack skill into one of the fastest-growing recreational activities in North America and beyond. This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know about how to do axe throwing properly, from understanding the basics and safety requirements to mastering the perfect throwing technique. Whether you’re planning your first visit to an axe-throwing venue or looking to improve your skills, this guide provides all the information you need to hit the bullseye.
Understanding Axe Throwing as a Sport
Axe throwing has ancient roots as both a tool for survival and a method of combat, but today it thrives as a competitive sport and recreational activity. In recent years, specialized axe-throwing venues have opened across the country, allowing people of all backgrounds to experience the thrill of this unique activity in a safe, controlled environment.
The History and Evolution of Axe Throwing
Throwing axes has been practiced throughout human history, with evidence dating back to the Stone Age when primitive stone axes were used for hunting and warfare. Over centuries, various cultures developed their own unique throwing techniques and axe designs. Today’s recreational axe throwing draws inspiration from these historical practices while adapting them for modern competition and entertainment.
Modern Axe Throwing Leagues and Organizations
Two major organizations govern competitive axe throwing today:
| Organization | Founded | Target Design | Scoring System | Notable Features |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| World Axe Throwing League (WATL) | 2017 | 5 concentric rings with blue “killshots” | 1-6 points for rings, 8 points for killshots | More venues, televised championships on ESPN |
| International Axe Throwing Federation (IATF) | 2016 | 3 concentric rings with green “clutch” targets | 1, 3, 5 points for rings, 7 points for clutch | Stricter standardization of equipment |
These organizations have established standardized rules, target designs, and competition formats that have helped transform axe throwing from a backyard activity into a legitimate sport with thousands of participants worldwide.
Essential Axe Throwing Equipment
To get started with axe throwing, you’ll need to understand the basic equipment involved. While most venues provide all necessary items, knowing what you’re working with enhances your understanding and performance.
Types of Throwing Axes
Several types of axes are used in axe throwing, each with unique characteristics:
| Axe Type | Weight Range | Handle Length | Best For | Key Features |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatchet | 1.25-1.75 lbs | 12-16 inches | Beginners | Lightweight, easy to control |
| Throwing Axe | 1.5-2.5 lbs | 12-19 inches | Intermediate | Balanced for consistent rotation |
| Tomahawk | 1-1.5 lbs | 14-19 inches | Varied distances | Thinner blade, longer handle |
| Viking/Norse Axe | 1.5-3 lbs | 16-24 inches | Experienced throwers | Broader blade, distinctive style |
| Big Axe | 3-7 lbs | 24-36 inches | Advanced | Two-handed throws, greater challenge |
For beginners, standard hatchets or purpose-designed throwing axes are recommended. These typically feature a single-bit design (blade on one side only) with a wooden handle, offering a good balance of weight and control.
Target Construction and Design
A proper axe-throwing target should be constructed from soft wood that allows axes to stick easily while maintaining durability. Most targets consist of several wooden boards placed vertically side by side, typically made from spruce, pine, or poplar wood.
Standard target dimensions are approximately 4 feet wide by 4 feet tall, with the bullseye centered about 5 feet from the ground. Targets are marked with concentric circles and special scoring zones according to the rules of the governing organization (WATL or IATF).
Axe Throwing Safety: Essential Rules and Precautions
Safety is paramount in axe throwing. Adhering to proper safety protocols ensures an enjoyable experience while minimizing risks.
Essential Safety Rules
- Always throw with awareness of your surroundings
- Never attempt to catch a falling or bouncing axe
- Only throw when the target area is completely clear
- Maintain a six-foot clearance around throwers
- Keep axes in designated storage areas when not in use
- Never hand axes directly to another person
- Retrieve axes only after both throwers have completed their throws
- Follow all venue-specific safety guidelines
Proper Attire for Axe Throwing
Wearing appropriate clothing is an important safety consideration:
| Required | Recommended | Not Allowed |
|---|---|---|
| Closed-toe shoes | Comfortable clothing that allows movement | Open-toed shoes or high heels |
| Clothing that permits full range of motion | Fitted shirts/tops | Loose scarves or dangling accessories |
| Sleeves that won’t interfere with throwing | Excessively baggy clothing | |
| Hair tied back if long | Hats with brims that obstruct vision |
Many venues enforce a strict closed-toe shoe policy and may prohibit participants from throwing if they’re not properly dressed.
Alcohol Policies and Responsible Participation
While many axe-throwing venues serve alcohol or allow BYOB, responsible consumption is essential. Most facilities have policies to ensure safety:
- Staff have the right to refuse participation to visibly intoxicated individuals
- Some venues limit the number of alcoholic beverages per person
- Food and drinks are typically restricted to designated areas away from throwing lanes
- Participants who show signs of impairment may be asked to stop throwing
Remember that axe throwing requires focus, coordination, and judgment—all of which can be impaired by alcohol consumption.
Mastering the Basic Axe Throwing Technique
The foundation of successful axe throwing lies in mastering the basic technique. While variations exist, most beginners should start with the standard two-handed throw.
Proper Stance and Positioning
Begin with positioning yourself correctly:
- Stand approximately 12-15 feet from the target (most venues have a marked throwing line)
- Position your feet shoulder-width apart for stability
- If right-handed, place your left foot slightly forward; reverse if left-handed
- Square your shoulders to face the target directly
- Distribute your weight evenly between both feet
This balanced stance creates a stable platform from which to throw with consistency.
The Two-Handed Grip
The standard two-handed grip offers beginners the most control:
- Hold the axe with both hands near the bottom of the handle
- Place your dominant hand below your non-dominant hand
- Grip firmly but not with excessive pressure—similar to a golf club grip
- Position your thumbs to form an “X” on the back of the handle
- Ensure the axe blade is perfectly aligned vertically
Remember that a relaxed grip often results in better control than a white-knuckled one.
The Throwing Motion
The basic throwing motion consists of a smooth, controlled swing:
- Begin with the axe held at chest level, blade facing the target
- Bring the axe straight back over your head (like throwing a soccer ball)
- Keep your elbows relatively straight but not locked
- Shift your weight slightly to your back foot during the backswing
- Bring the axe forward in a smooth, controlled motion
- Shift your weight to your front foot as you throw
- Release the axe when your arms are extended forward and the handle is vertical
- Follow through with your arms continuing downward after release
The key to success is maintaining a fluid motion without jerky movements or wrist flicking.
Release Point and Timing
Proper release timing is crucial for getting the axe to rotate correctly:
- Release the axe when your arms are extended forward
- Let go when the handle is approximately vertical
- Release both hands simultaneously
- Avoid flicking your wrists during release
- Follow through with your arms continuing downward
The ideal release should feel like you’re simply letting the axe go rather than actively throwing it.
Common Beginner Mistakes to Avoid
When starting out, be aware of these common mistakes:
| Mistake | Result | Correction |
|---|---|---|
| Flicking the wrists | Over-rotation and missed target | Keep wrists locked during throw |
| Throwing too hard | Poor accuracy and control | Focus on technique, not power |
| Inconsistent stance | Varied results between throws | Always start from the same position |
| Improper grip | Axe wobbles in flight | Ensure blade is straight and grip is firm |
| Attempting trick shots | Frustration and safety issues | Master basics before attempting advanced techniques |
Adjusting Your Throw for Better Results
One of the most important skills in axe throwing is knowing how to adjust your technique based on results.
Understanding Axe Rotation
An axe naturally rotates in flight, and proper rotation is necessary for it to stick in the target. For a standard throw from 12-15 feet, the axe should make one complete rotation before striking the target.
The following adjustments can help you achieve proper rotation:
| If the Axe… | This Means… | Adjustment Needed |
|---|---|---|
| Hits handle-first (over-rotates) | Too much rotation | Move 6-12 inches closer to target |
| Hits with the top of the blade (under-rotates) | Too little rotation | Move 6-12 inches further from target |
| Hits flat/sideways (pancaking) | Blade not vertical at release | Focus on keeping blade aligned during throw |
| Hits target but doesn’t stick | Insufficient force or dull blade | Throw with slightly more force or sharpen axe |
| Consistently hits left or right of aim | Improper alignment or release | Adjust aim or check for wrist turning during release |
Fine-Tuning Your Distance
Finding your optimal throwing distance is crucial:
- Start at the standard distance (usually 12-14 feet)
- Make a few throws and observe the rotation
- If adjustments are needed, move in small increments (6 inches at a time)
- Once you find your optimal distance, note it for consistency
- Mark your stance or find a floor landmark to help maintain consistent positioning
Everyone’s ideal distance varies based on height, arm length, and throwing style.
Adjusting Grip for Better Control
Try these grip adjustments to improve your results:
- For over-rotation: Grip the axe slightly higher on the handle
- For under-rotation: Grip the axe lower on the handle
- For wobbling: Ensure your grip is firm and the blade is aligned straight
- For more power: Space your hands slightly further apart
- For more accuracy: Keep hands closer together
Advanced Throwing Techniques
Once you’ve mastered the basics, you can explore more advanced techniques.
One-Handed Throwing Technique
The one-handed throw offers more challenge but can be more satisfying:
- Hold the axe with your dominant hand at the base of the handle
- Keep your wrist locked and the blade facing the target
- Stand with your throwing-hand shoulder facing the target
- Bring the axe back behind your head in a straight line
- Throw with a smooth forward motion, keeping your elbow relatively straight
- Release when your arm is fully extended, with the axe handle vertical
- Follow through with your arm continuing downward
This technique requires more practice but can offer greater precision once mastered.
The “Big Axe” Two-Handed Technique
For larger axes with longer handles:
- Grip the axe with both hands stacked (dominant hand on top)
- Stand further back from the target (approximately 17 feet)
- Bring the axe back over both shoulders
- Use your whole body in the throw, including a slight torso rotation
- Step forward with your non-dominant foot as you throw
- Release when your arms are extended, typically aiming for 1.5 rotations
This technique is used in competitive “big axe” events and requires significant practice.
Trick Shots and Special Techniques
Advanced throwers may want to try these special techniques after mastering the basics:
| Technique | Description | Difficulty Level |
|---|---|---|
| Underhand Throw | Throwing with an underhand motion | Intermediate |
| Dual Wielding | Throwing two axes simultaneously | Advanced |
| Behind-the-Back | Throwing from behind your back | Expert |
| Between-the-Legs | Throwing between your legs | Expert |
| Distance Throws | Throwing from greater distances | Intermediate to Advanced |
Remember that trick shots should only be attempted in appropriate venues with proper safety measures in place.
Improving Your Axe Throwing: Practice and Strategy
Like any skill, axe throwing improves with dedicated practice and strategic thinking.
Practice Routines for Skill Development
Structured practice yields better results than random throwing:
- Warm-up throws: Begin each session with 5-10 throws focusing on proper form
- Consistency drills: Aim for the same spot 10 times in a row
- Target practice: Work on hitting different scoring zones
- Distance variation: Practice from different distances to build adaptability
- Pressure situations: Practice with friendly competition to simulate tournament pressure
Mental Approach and Focus Techniques
The mental aspect of axe throwing is often overlooked but critically important:
- Develop a pre-throw routine to center yourself
- Focus on breathing to reduce tension
- Visualize successful throws before executing
- Maintain consistent rhythm between throws
- Stay present and avoid dwelling on missed throws
Competitive Strategies
For those interested in competitive throwing:
- Know the rules: Understand the scoring system and competition format
- Target high-value areas: In competitions, prioritize high-scoring zones
- Consistency over flash: Reliable technique beats flashy throws most times
- Adapt to conditions: Be ready to adjust to different target materials or environments
- Manage energy: Pace yourself during longer competitions
Axe Throwing Etiquette and Community
Axe throwing has developed its own culture and etiquette that enhances the experience for everyone.
Venue Etiquette
When throwing at commercial venues, observe these courtesies:
- Listen carefully to staff instructions
- Respect the throwing lanes and boundaries
- Allow others to throw without distraction
- Follow the established rotation for throwing and retrieval
- Treat equipment with care
- Clean up after yourself in common areas
- Be supportive of new throwers
The Axe Throwing Community
The axe throwing community is generally welcoming to newcomers:
- Don’t hesitate to ask for advice from experienced throwers
- Consider joining a league for regular practice and community
- Follow notable throwers on social media for tips and inspiration
- Attend local tournaments, even as a spectator, to learn
- Share your own progress and tips as you improve
Setting Up Your Own Axe Throwing Space
For enthusiasts who want to practice at home, setting up a proper throwing space is essential.
Safety Considerations for Home Throwing
Safety is even more important for home setups:
- Ensure adequate space with no risk to bystanders
- Create proper backstops and side barriers to contain missed throws
- Keep the throwing area clear of obstacles and hazards
- Have clear rules for anyone using the space
- Never throw alone—always have someone else present
- Keep first aid supplies accessible
- Check with local ordinances regarding backyard activities
- Consider liability issues and appropriate insurance coverage
Building a Regulation Target
A proper target should be constructed to professional standards:
- Use 2×10 pine, spruce, or poplar boards
- Arrange 5-6 boards vertically side by side
- Secure with brackets or frame
- Sand the target surface to remove splinters
- Paint official target circles according to WATL or IATF specifications
- Mount at proper height (bullseye approximately 5 feet from ground)
- Ensure the target has sufficient backing to prevent axes from passing through
Equipment Maintenance
Proper maintenance extends the life of your equipment:
- Axes: Keep blades sharp but not razor-sharp, check handles for damage, apply light oil to prevent rust
- Targets: Rotate boards to distribute wear, replace damaged sections, keep wood from becoming too dry
- Space: Regularly check backstops and barriers for damage, clear debris from throwing area
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Is axe throwing dangerous?
Axe throwing is surprisingly safe when proper protocols are followed. The most important safety practices include maintaining a safe distance from other throwers, wearing proper protective gear like closed-toe shoes, and respecting lane boundaries. Commercial venues have excellent safety records due to their strict rules and supervision. The biggest risks come from ignoring safety guidelines or throwing under the influence of alcohol.
What should I wear for axe throwing?
Closed-toe shoes are required for anyone entering the throwing area. Loose clothing such as hooded sweatshirts, shawls, scarves, and accessories should be avoided as they can create unsafe conditions by limiting mobility or snagging on objects. Comfortable clothing that allows a full range of motion is ideal. Some venues also discourage brimmed hats as they can obstruct vision.
How long does it take to get good at axe throwing?
Most beginners can learn to stick an axe in the target consistently within their first session (about 1-2 hours). Developing accuracy to consistently hit specific target areas typically takes 3-5 sessions. Mastering advanced techniques and achieving competitive-level skill usually requires regular practice over several months. Like any skill, progress depends on practice frequency, athletic ability, and quality of instruction.
What type of axe is best for beginners?
Beginners should start with lighter, balanced axes designed for throwing that typically weigh between 1.5 to 2 pounds with a handle length of 14 to 19 inches. The most common beginner axes are standard hatchets or purpose-made throwing axes with a single blade. These provide a good balance of weight, control, and forgiveness for developing proper technique.
Can I bring my own axe to a throwing venue?
Most venues do not allow guests to bring their own axes due to insurance requirements and safety standards. Commercial facilities provide axes that are specifically designed for their targets and have been safety tested. If you’re interested in using your own equipment, check with the venue beforehand, but be prepared to use their provided axes instead.
Axe throwing combines primal satisfaction with modern sport, offering a unique recreational experience that appeals to a wide range of people. By understanding the basic techniques, following safety guidelines, and practicing consistently, you can quickly develop the skills to stick your throws and hit the bullseye. Whether you’re throwing for fun with friends or aiming to compete at a higher level, the journey of improvement is rewarding and engaging.
Ready to try your hand at this exciting activity? Find a local venue, bring some friends, and experience the thrill of landing that perfect throw!
Learn more about axe throwing techniques at Amp Up Action Park
Discover basic axe throwing techniques at Kick Axe Throwing
Find detailed guidance on how to throw an axe at Bad Axe Throwing
